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The Evolution Site The theory of natural selection as the foundation of evolution is the defining factor in the field of modern biology. It connects disciplines that are as diverse as genetics microbiology, and palaeontology. However the study of evolutionary theory is often controversial, and the resultant misinformation can confuse people regarding its basic concepts. This Web site helps clarify essential concepts. What is Evolution? Modern evolutionary theory is based on the gradual and cumulative changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are a result of natural selection, a process that increases the number of organisms who have traits that are beneficial and enable them to live and reproduce in a particular environment. The organisms that have these traits produce more offspring as a result of the beneficial traits. This leads to an alteration in genetics that could eventually lead to the formation of new species. The term “evolution” is often associated with the notion of “survival of the strongest,” which implies that those individuals who are best adapted to a particular set of environmental conditions will be more successful than those who are not well-adapted. In reality this is just one of the many different ways in which evolution can occur. Another common way the word evolution is used is to suggest that a species will eventually change from one state of being to the next state of being. This kind of view can be described as anagenetic, or cladogenesis. The definition of evolution in science is not in agreement with this view. The scientific theory of evolutionary changes focuses on the changes that occur in populations over time. These changes are caused by mutations which result in natural selection and genomic variation. Certain scientists, including the great Charles Darwin, advocated this theory of evolution. Others, notably Alfred Russel Wallace, who developed the theory of macroevolution believed that this was the only way the higher forms of life could be derived from lower ones. To be able to be referred to as a theory, it must be capable of surviving rigorous tests and evidence. Evolution has stood the test of time and has been supported in countless scientific disciplines from biology to geology, from astronomy to chemistry. In actual fact evolution is considered to be one of the fundamental tenets of science today and is supported by the majority of scientists around the world. However, many people have misconceptions about the nature of the theory of evolution, and particularly the relationship it has with religion. What is the Theory of Evolution (Evolutionary Theory)? Evolution is the scientific explanation for how living things change over time. It is based on few known facts: that more offspring are produced than can be surviving and that different individuals have their physical characteristics and that they are able to pass on traits to the next generation. These observations are backed by the growing body of evidence from molecular biology, palaeontology, climatology, functional morphology and geology. The theory of evolution based on natural selection was conceived independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-19th century to explain how organisms adapt to their biological and physical environment. It is now the best-supported and most widely tested theory in the field of science. Its predictions were confirmed by the fact that for instance, more complex organisms have fewer genetic mutations. The more successful an organism becomes in terms of survival and reproducing, the more likely it will transfer its genes to the next generation. Some people object to evolution based on the belief that it implies that there is no purpose to life. Many scientists who are religious believers like Cambridge Palaeontologist Simon Conway Morris (BioLogos, 2014) believe that evolution is compatible with faith in God and even enhanced by it. Many highly skilled evolutionary biologists have been involved in constructing and testing the theory of evolution, which includes several highly respected evangelical Christian leaders. Many of these researchers contributed to the understanding a broad range of phenomena, including phylogenetics and genomics, and also the formation and function fossils. The word “theory” is sometimes used incorrectly to mean a speculation or guess but in reality it is a scientific hypothesis that has been systematically evaluated and refined over time. Scientists test hypotheses through repeating the experiments or observations that led them to them. Thus, the theory of evolution has been repeatedly tested out as have the corresponding theories of Copernican, atomic and germ theory. What is the Process of Evolution? The process of evolution is a gradual shift in the genetically different individuals within a particular species over time. This change is the result of natural selection of those who are more adapted to their environment. The individuals who are more adaptable have a higher chance of survival and reproduction. As more of these people survive and reproduce, their genes are more prevalent in the population. This is sometimes described as “survival of the strongest.” According to the theory of evolution the causes of mutations that result in genomic variation are what triggers evolution. These mutations could occur at random or under the influence of the environment. If mutations occur in a random manner, the allele frequencies will vary from generation to generation. In contrast, when the mutation is beneficial, it will increase the frequency of the allele, which causes it to spread across the population. Over time, these shifts in allele frequencies can result in the creation of new species. The new species will develop and evolve into new forms. This process is known as macroevolution. The development of new species is often a result of changes in the environment which makes certain resources available or creates new environmental challenges. For example, the evolution of finches in the Galapagos Islands is a result of the availability of various food sources and the need to protect themselves from predators. In a wider sense it is possible to define evolution as any change in the characteristics of living organisms over time. This change can be subtle, like the development of new colors or a dramatic change, such as the formation of an organ. Scientists who accept the theory of evolution generally recognize the importance of genetic changes in the process of generating evolution. They also acknowledge that the process of evolution happens over a long time, typically millions of years. However, they differ on the role of different factors in speeding or slowing this process, such as the impact of environmental pressures, sexual selection, and mutation bias. Despite these disagreements, most scientists are still convinced that evolution is real and that the evidence to support this is overwhelming. What is the Evidence of Evolution? Since Darwin's time scientists have collected evidence to support his theory of evolution. Some of this evidence comes from fossils which reveal the changing traits of living organisms over time. Additional evidence can be found in the similarities between living organisms embryology, biogeography genetics and comparative anatomy. The evolutionary tree is the most effective way to prove evolution. It shows how species are closely related. Homologous structures are another proof. They share a common structure but perform different functions in different species, for instance, the wings of a bird or bat. Evolution is evident in the way that various species adapt and evolve to similar environments. For instance, arctic foxes and ptarmigans grow seasonal white pelts that blend in with snow and ice. This is a kind of convergent evolutionary mechanism, which suggests the species shared ancestors. The vestiges of structures are another source of evidence. 에볼루션사이트 are the remains of an organism which may have served a purpose in the past. The human appendix, for example is an odour from an organ that was once used to digest food. Natural selection causes these structures to shrink as they cease to be used. Scientists have also gathered evidence of evolution through observation and testing. The evidence for evolution can be divided into six different categories: changes that can be observed at a smaller scale biogeographic distributions and comparative anatomies fossil records and genetics. Each of these categories offers solid evidence for the evolution of life. Although many people have misconceptions about the theory of evolution It is an empirical fact. It isn't only a theory, it is a powerful collection of years of observation and accumulated data that has been proven and tested. Whatever people believe or don't believe about the theory of evolution, scientists continue to study and collect new data in order to further comprehend the evolution of life on Earth. This information will aid scientists understand how to prevent future global catastrophes and also how to best use the resources on our planet. This information will also allow us to better meet the needs and desires of the people living on our planet.